Scientific Notation Calculator

Scientific notation expresses numbers as a coefficient (1 ≤ |a| < 10) multiplied by a power of 10. For example, 123,000 = 1.23 × 10⁵ and 0.0045 = 4.5 × 10⁻³. It simplifies very large or very small numbers.

Multiply the coefficients and add the exponents. For (3 × 10⁴) × (2 × 10³): multiply 3 × 2 = 6, add exponents 4 + 3 = 7, result is 6 × 10⁷. Normalize the coefficient if needed to keep it between 1 and 10.

Convert both numbers to the same exponent first, then add the coefficients. For example, 3 × 10⁴ + 2 × 10³ = 3 × 10⁴ + 0.2 × 10⁴ = 3.2 × 10⁴. The calculator handles this conversion automatically.